Provincial, Autonomous Regional, Municipal, and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Transportation Departments (Bureaus, Commissions):

In accordance with the "People's Republic of China Safety Production Law," the "Construction Project Safety Production Management Regulations," and relevant standards for highway and waterway projects, this Ministry has compiled the "Highway and Waterway Engineering Major Production Safety Accident Hazard Determination Standard," which is now being distributed to you for your earnest implementation.

Office of the Ministry of Transport

April 14, 2025
 

Highway and Waterway Engineering Major Production Safety Accident Hazard Determination Standard

Article 1 In order to strengthen the work of identifying and rectifying major production safety accident hazards in highway and waterway engineering, and effectively prevent and curb the occurrence of production safety accidents, this determination standard is formulated in accordance with the "People's Republic of China Safety Production Law," the "Construction Project Safety Production Management Regulations," and relevant standards for highway and waterway projects.

Article 2 This standard applies to the determination of major production safety accident hazards during the construction phase of highway and waterway engineering projects, including new construction and expansion and renovation projects.

County-level and above transportation authorities and highway and waterway engineering participating units may use this standard to determine major production safety accident hazards in highway and waterway engineering.

Article 3 As used in this standard, major production safety accident hazards refer to hazards in the course of highway and waterway engineering construction that have a high degree of danger and are difficult to rectify, and may lead to mass casualties or major economic losses.

Article 4 The existence of any of the following situations in construction management should be judged as a major accident hazard:

(1) Construction units engage in construction activities without the corresponding valid qualification certificates or safety production permits;

(2) The main person in charge, project manager, and full-time safety production management personnel of the construction unit engage in the corresponding work without valid safety production assessment qualification certificates;

(3) The special construction schemes for dangerous sub-items have not been compiled, reviewed, and examined, or have not been reviewed according to regulations, and the construction has been carried out without authorization;

(4) The traffic organization plan for highway expansion and renovation projects that do not interrupt traffic has not been compiled, reviewed and examined according to regulations, and construction has been carried out without authorization.

Article 5 The existence of any of the following situations in the setting of office areas, living areas, prefabrication yards, processing yards, and mixing yards ("two areas and three yards") should be judged as a major accident hazard:

(1) "Two areas and three yards" are located in areas affected by mountain floods and geological disasters without flood and disaster assessments and effective protection measures, such as landslides, collapses, debris flows, collapses, rockfalls, floods, and avalanches;

(2) Office areas and living areas do not maintain a safe distance from operating areas, flammable and explosive storage areas, overhead exposed power lines, etc., or are located within the range of gantry cranes, tower cranes, and mixer bodies that may tip over.

Article 6 The existence of any of the following situations in high slope engineering construction should be judged as a major accident hazard:

(1) High slope excavation methods are not implemented in accordance with special construction plans or technical specifications, stability monitoring is not carried out, or no measures are taken for abnormal monitoring;

(2) Excavation and construction of anti-slip retaining structures in landslide sections of road cuts have not been carried out in sections.

Article 7 The existence of any of the following situations in deep foundation pit construction should be judged as a major accident hazard:

(1) Excavation methods, support methods, and drainage measures are not implemented in accordance with special construction plans, or measures are not taken when monitoring reaches the warning value;

(2) Partial collapses, large amounts of leakage, or soil flow occur on the side walls, or water or sand gushing occurs at the bottom of the foundation pit, and work is not stopped and personnel are not evacuated.

Article 8 The existence of any of the following situations in cofferdam construction should be judged as a major accident hazard:

(1) Collisions, arbitrary removal, unauthorized reduction, stacking of heavy objects, etc., of support members inside steel caissons (hanging boxes) have not been addressed; structural concrete strength has not reached the design requirements before drainage or dewatering is carried out beyond the design head difference;

(2) Monitoring is not carried out for the cofferdam, or measures are not taken when the monitoring results exceed the warning value;

(3) Cofferdams in navigable waters lack ship collision warning measures, or construction vessels are illegally moored on the cofferdam.

Article 9 The existence of any of the following situations in support systems, formwork, climbing (sliding) formwork, mobile formwork, and basket scaffolding construction should be judged as a major accident hazard:

(1) For high-risk projects, the bearing capacity, structural form, pre-pressure procedure, and removal sequence of the support system's foundation do not meet the requirements of the special construction plan, or the construction load exceeds the design value;

(2) The formwork, climbing (sliding) formwork system has not been accepted and put into use;

(3) The basket scaffolding and mobile formwork have not been designed, manufactured, and accepted, and have not been pre-pressed according to the special construction plan, or have not been pre-pressed and are put into use;

(4) When the basket scaffolding is moved, the load-bearing formwork or support system is removed, the structural concrete strength and elastic modulus have not reached the design requirements, or the pre-stress has not been tensioned according to the design requirements.

Article 10 The existence of any of the following situations in bridge construction should be judged as a major accident hazard:

(1) During the installation of beams and slabs or the movement of bridge cranes during the crossing of existing roads, waterways, railways, and rail transit lines, no safety measures are taken according to the special construction plan;

(2) In the construction of cable-stayed bridges, the tower end hanging rope construction platform is not set up according to the special construction plan;

(3) In the construction of suspension bridges, the catwalks are not erected or dismantled according to the requirements of the special construction plan, or no wind-resistant stability measures are taken, or the load-bearing ropes and other steel wire ropes used in the catwalks have not been accepted and put into use.

During arch bridge construction, the arch ring structure's strength did not meet the design requirements before arch centering removal, or the arch centering was not removed symmetrically and evenly.

Article Eleven The following situations in tunnel drill-and-blast construction should be identified as major accident hidden dangers:

Excavation methods and support parameters were not implemented according to design requirements or special construction plans, or excavation methods and support parameters were changed without approval;

Sudden abnormal situations such as water gushing, mud eruption, high-pressure water jets, sudden increase in water discharge, local collapse, distortion or cracks in the support structure, or falling debris occurred during construction, and work was not stopped, and personnel were not evacuated;

The tunnel did not conduct monitoring and measurement, did not conduct advanced geological prediction, or the monitoring and measurement exceeded the warning value without effective measures being taken;

For non-full-process mechanized operations in Grade IV and above surrounding rock sections, the distance between the vault and the working face and the distance between the secondary lining and the working face were not controlled according to the special construction plan or technical specifications.

Article Twelve The following situations in tunnel shield construction should be identified as major accident hidden dangers:

The shield launching reaction frame was not specially designed, the reaction frame was not implemented according to the design, or the shield launching parameters were improperly adjusted;

The shield tail seal failed but continued operation.

Article Thirteen The following situations in tunnel engineering construction should be identified as major accident hidden dangers:

The high and steep slopes at the tunnel entrance were not reinforced, protected, and monitored according to design requirements;

When the actual geological conditions seriously deviate from the exploration and design documents, or when the surrounding rock grade changes, dynamic design was not carried out as prescribed;

During tunnel construction, monitoring of toxic and harmful gases was not implemented according to the special construction plan or technical specifications, or work continued after the concentration of toxic and harmful gases reached or exceeded the limit;

The explosion-proof power supply and distribution system, gas detection system, and ventilation system of gas tunnels were not set up according to technical specifications or the system function failed, and effective measures were not taken when the gas concentration reached or exceeded the limit, and the operating machinery in high-gas areas and coal (rock) and gas outburst areas did not adopt explosion-proof mining types.

Article Fourteen The following situations in port engineering or waterway engineering construction should be identified as major accident hidden dangers:

High-pile wharf structures were not constructed according to the design requirements of "slope cutting before pile driving", or the shore structure was overloaded;

Caissons towing and boarding operations did not meet the requirements of special construction plans or technical specifications, or the draft, ballast, and floating stability of caissons were not calculated during floating transportation;

Excavation of the wharf front water area was carried out before the completion of the anchor bolt and tie rod structure of the sheet pile wharf;

Underwater blasting operations did not meet the requirements of special construction plans or technical specifications;

Temporary wharves were not accepted before use according to the requirements of special construction plans or technical specifications.

Article Fifteen If there are separate regulations for the determination standards of major accident hidden dangers involving special equipment, civilian blasting, fire protection (fire), etc., those regulations shall apply.

Article Sixteen These determination standards shall come into effect from the date of issuance. If there are inconsistencies between previously released determination situations and the related situations in these determination standards, these determination standards shall prevail.