SOLUTION

Large depth exploration

Cave detection

Hollow road surface

Highway inspection

Tunnel lining

Disaster emergency response

Slope monitoring

Reservoir monitoring

Flash flood discharge

Structural defects

Geological karst cave

Groundwater level (water-rich) detection

Related plans：

1. Radar Detection Principle

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) works by using a high-speed, carrier-free pulse as the signal source to detect underground targets. The pulse parameters are determined by the target detection requirements. A wideband antenna converts the high-speed pulse into a pulsed electromagnetic wave for radiation. Part of the wave reaches the receiving antenna directly from the transmitting antenna, forming a direct wave that can be used as a reference for the depth of the underground target; another part propagates underground. When encountering underground targets or different media interfaces, reflection occurs. The reflected electromagnetic wave travels from the underground target to the receiving antenna via the surface, forming a reflected wave. The time difference between the reflected wave and the direct wave reflected from the surface is the time it takes for the electromagnetic wave to travel from the surface to the target and back. When the speed of the electromagnetic wave in the underground is known, the depth of the underground target or interface can be determined. Moreover, the reflected wave carries information about the properties of the underground target and medium. By analyzing the reflected wave, the nature of the underground target can be determined. When the transmitting and receiving antennas are fixed in their relative positions on the surface but move together, a set of reflected waves can be obtained. By displaying this set of reflected waves, the relative position of the underground target to the surface can be obtained, thus revealing the underground target. Because the path, intensity, and waveform of electromagnetic waves change when they propagate through media with different electrical properties and morphologies, the structure and depth of the medium can be judged based on the measured propagation time, amplitude, and waveform of the waves. The radar image displays the pulsed reflected waveform, with positive and negative peaks distinguished by white and black colors. Its iso-phase axis can visually represent the reflecting surface of the underground target.

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) determines the distribution and existence of underground targets by using the underground electromagnetic parameters carried by the radiation, scattering, and reflection of pulsed electromagnetic waves. Detecting underground targets essentially involves measuring underground electromagnetic parameters.

2. Antenna Frequency

Reinforcement Detection Data

Layered Detection Data

3. Application Scenarios

4. Important Parameters

Dielectric Constant: Describes the ability of a material to store and release electromagnetic energy. It is usually expressed as a dimensionless relative dielectric constant, where:

Relative Dielectric Constant Table

Reflection Coefficient:

The intensity of the reflected signal mainly depends on the electrical difference between the upper and lower layers of the medium. The greater the electrical difference, the stronger the reflected signal. The larger the difference in electromagnetic properties between the media on both sides of the interface, the stronger the reflected wave and the larger the reflection amplitude. The properties of the media on both sides can be determined from the reflection amplitude.

Polarity of the reflected wave: When a wave enters a medium with a higher dielectric constant from a medium with a lower dielectric constant, the reflection coefficient is negative, meaning the reflected wave amplitude is reversed, and the reflected wave is opposite to the incident wave; when entering a high-speed medium from a low-speed medium, the reflected wave amplitude is in the same direction as the incident wave.

1. Based on the amplitude and polarity, underground anomalous signals can be determined as cavities or water-rich areas;

2. Water has a high relative dielectric constant and strong absorption capacity for electromagnetic waves. The overall judgment can be made based on the signals around and at the bottom of the anomalous signal (multiple reflections).